A radio network controller rnc provides control over multiple cell sites. Since operators will be migrating from 2g to 3g to 4g networks in years to come, existing networks must operate concurrently with newer networks. The gsm architecture also contains an intelligent network. Lte has a whole internet protocol ip network architecture s structure and is intended to support voice, favoring visual or voice blogs online.
A quick look at the architecture of different generations of mobile cellular technology, all the way from 2g gsm gprs to 5g. The highlevel network architecture of lte is comprised of following three main components. After the much used 2g and 3g network technologies, the 4g technology consists of all the basic. Veera raghavarao atukuri et al, ijcsit international. The gsm network architecture provided a simple and yet effective architecture to provide the services needed for a 2g cellular or mobile communications system. Difference between 2g and 3g network technology compare. They comprise an air interface between the users mobile device and the base station and two core networks.
The iups interface is the interface between the rnc and the sgsn, and the uu interface is the interface between the ms and the nodeb. Pdf 1 st generation wireless cellular network was introduced in 1980s, till then different advancement has been made in this direction and. Base level umts networks are generally capable of downlink speeds as 384 kbps. There is no circuitswitched component as in 2g 3g systems. Gsm architecture training course what is 2g cellular. The difference between 3g and 4g technology is based on technology compliance, data transfer rate, capacity, ip architecture and number of connections, etc. Find out inside pcmags comprehensive tech and computerrelated encyclopedia. Pdf comparative study of 2g, 3g and 4g researchgate. Calls can be made easily on both 2g and 3g networks with no real noticeable differences except that in 3g network video calls can also be made. Gsm edge radio access network is the 2g air interface, and the utran.
Mobile communication networks andreas mitschelethiel, florian evers 3 2g to 3g evolution. Mobile 2g digital wireless technologies enabled more users. Comparision of 3g wireless networks and 4g wireless networks. Jul 31, 2017 mobile networks overview 2g 3g 4glte 1. A functional representation of 3g network architecture is shown in figure 1. It basically was a network with only voice call capabilities and only got the name 1g after 2g was put to use. The core network is then the overall entity that interfaces to external networks including the public phone network and other cellular telecommunications networks. The ue is the mobile phone and the utran is the base station and the network intelligence. Comparison 1g 2g 3g 4g 5g period 1980 1990 1990 2000 2000 2010 2010 2020 2020 2030 bandwidth 150900mhz 900mhz 100mhz 100mhz x bw pr.
Research article architectural shift from 4g to 5g. The objective of this paper is to compare 3g and 4g mobile technology using descriptive analysis and previous study. In a gsm network, whether 2g or 3g, radios node b at the cell site provide the radio air interface for each cell. The solution to this challenges can be found in a novel mobile network architecture. The license fee to be paid for 3g network is much higher as compared to 2g networks. Instead of different network types being adopted in the americas, europe. The pcrf is the part of the network architecture that aggregates information to and. Cdma2000 and wcdma were the most commercially successful. Coverage of lte networks does not yet match 2g and 3g. The source of these pictures are spirent and squaretek. The global system for mobile communications gsm which is a standard for 2g second generation cellular networks has created an avenue for the development of 3g third generation and 4g fourth generation cellular network standards such as universal mobile telecommunications system umts and long term evolution lte. Mar 24, 20 i am adding the architecture diagram of 2g, 3g, 4g for reference.
Technological advancements have paved the way to the evolution of mobile networks. Elements like the base station controller, msc, auc, hlr, vlr and the like. Below graph shows the interfaces exist in the control plan between the ms and the sgsn. Pdf mobile network planing process case study 3g network. Transmission network 2g bss 3g utran gsm network circuit switched network pstn omcr omcs oss bss transmission network.
The 3g standard utilises a new technology called umts as its core network architecture universal mobile telecommunications system. The architecture for 3g will build on the security features of 2g system. It was a complete redesign and simplification of 3g network arch itecture. Explore summer 2006 3g mobile communication networks 6 3g mobile communication networks back ground third generation 3g is the generic term used for the next generation of mobile communications systems.
The 3g security will improve on the security of the 2g. Section 2 of this report discusses the gsm architecture. Security hscsd gprs architecture protocols qos edge umts. Identifying the strengths of the underlying technology of a cell phone is simple as long as you understand the meaning of 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, and 5g. Radio access network utran ue iur uu bs iub rnc 2g 3g ms ue user equipment, often also called user terminal new air radio interface based on wcdma access technology 3gpp 3gpp relrel.
Standards specify how the airwaves must be used for transmitting information voice and data. User equipment the 3g system consists of two main parts. During the 2g era, that lasted for quite a while from 1980s to 2003, there were quite a few advancements made within the spectrum itself such as gsm, gprs and edge. Increased bandwidth endtoend ip simplified architecture. Network evolution in 3g 4g international journal of. May 14, 2018 this video shows the detailed information about how the cellular network works in 2g. Intro to 3g cellular systems and umts overview david tipper associate professor. In this network, the base terminal station btsnodebs aggregate the radio access network ran traffic and transport it over a mobile. Connectivite entre reseaux mobiles 2g3g qui consiste en figure 1. Basically overlay network of data service on 2g networks voice still circuit switched max data rate 57 kbps 384 kbps. The difference between 2g, 3g, and 4g is their mobile network strength and network data speed.
A study on third generation mobile technology 3g and. The functions of the packet data serving node pdsn. There were four main elements to the overall gsm network architecture and these could often be further split. The improvement that 4g offers over 3g is often less pronounced.
Difference between 3g and 4g technology with comparison. Pdf mobile network architecture evolution 1g to 4g nigel. What are the differences between 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g and 5g. Design considerations for a 5g network architecture. Given below is a simple pictorial view of the gsm architecture. The aim of the 3g security architecture is to improve on the security of 2g systems.
This makes them especially suitable for use in modern smartphones, which require constant. The user equipment or ue is a major element of the overall 3g umts network architecture. In order to well understand the architecture of lte network, we need to know what is the difference between the control plane, and the user plane. As shown in figure 7, 2g and 3g are expected to dominate the technology for iot m2m devices during the next few years, although the number of 2g devices will not grow substantially after 2016. The nodes use the control plane, in order to exchange signaling messages between each other. Gsm cellular architecture m obile e quipment s ubscriber i dentity m odule b ase t ransceiver s tation b ase s tation c ontroller h ome l. Always on connectivity was one of the design requirements. Design considerations for a 5g network architecture patrick kwadwo agyapong, mikio iwamura, dirk staehle, wolfgang kiess. It is assigned to a single user and contains all the functions needed to access umts services. All types of media flow into and out of an lte network as ip packets. Sparks 2g network cdma was shut down on 31 july 2012. It has a high quality voice and video services but has limited in coverage area. Difference between 2g and 3g technology engineersgarage. Lack of a radio network controller rnc as in 3g umtshspa and a flat architecture enodeb and packet core and.
This keeps information about the users phone number, home network identity and security keys etc. Learn 2g 3g 4glte mobile packet core network for beginners. The transmission of text messages and photos is available in both the networks but 2g networks have data limit and the speed of the data. Every call passes through set of equipments to reach the destination. The network architecture can be divided into subsystems based on the nature of traffic, protocol structures, physical elements. Telecommunications network and service architectures principles, concepts and architectures efort. Architecture of the gsm system gsm is a plmn public land mobile network several providers setup mobile networks following the gsm standard within each country gsm system comprises 3 subsystems rss radio subsystem. Une licence 3g a en effet ete recemment mise sur le marche par le gouvernement burkinabe. Feb 21, 2016 gsm architecture how it works global system for mobile course by telcoma training. Introduction 3g is the third generation of mobile phone 2 3 standards and technology and represents one of the biggest opportunities the business world has ever seen, increasing the potential of mobile internet and opening up new revenue streams. Telecommunications network and service architectures. Evolutionary analysis of gsm, umts and lte mobile network. Separation of access technology, transport technology, service technology. Spark now operates 3g and 4g networks, and was the first mobile provider in new zealand to switch off 2g.
Qos, security, full integration of hot spot and cellular support for multimedia applications. The umts architecture takes advantage of the existing gsm and gprs networks which serve as a core network in umts infrastructure. The additional components of the gsm architecture comprise of databases and messaging systems functions. These have been created to support the effective delivery of a range of multimedia services. This network combines aspects of the 2g network with some new technology and protocols to deliver a significantly faster data rate. Nov 11, 2019 identifying the strengths of the underlying technology of a cell phone is simple as long as you understand the meaning of 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, and 5g. A study on third generation mobile technology 3g and comparison among all generations of mobile communication.
Limitations of cellular networks, their security issues and the different types of attacks will be discussed. Tinnirello iub bs rnc new ran architecture iurinterface is available for soft. In 3g, mobile phones became mobile devices combining. Allip based network architecture higher bandwidth than 3g heterogeneous network 3g umts, wireless lan, dvbt, etc. The network construction and maintenance of 3g is much costlier than 2g networks. These functions and interfaces are explained in this chapter. What is the technical difference between 2g, 3g and 4g.
The architecture is called next generation network ngn. Dec 01, 2018 2g 3g 3gpp 3g state 4g 5g attach bsc cg eps bearer ggsn gprs gprs attach gprs mobility management gprs network gprs network architecture gs interface gsm gtp hlr idle state lte mm state mobile core engineer mobile network mobility management msc association pdn pdp pdp context pdp context activation plmn pmmconnected state pmmdetached state. Itu imt2000 compliant 3g standards included edge, tdscdma, and wimax. Mobile network coordinated network for seamless access and seamless mobility 1 2 3 pstn landline 8 requires large gap of spectrum between users to avoid interference support for only 1 user per channel.
The infrastructure of 2g and 3g cellular networks are similar. At the end of the course you will understand what is gsm and full form and the gsm network architecture. Lte 4g network architecture lte core network mobile. Umts makes use of wcdma, a technology that shares much with cdma networks used throughout the world, though it is not compatible with them. Both the ue and the utran are composed of different layers.
In the subsequent 4glte architecture, voice and data are both based on ip packets. As a result, sae calls for a transition to a flat, allip core network, called the evolved packet core epc, that features a simplified architecture and open interfaces as defined by the 3gpp standards body. Jul 10, 2017 the difference between 3g and 4g technology is based on technology compliance, data transfer rate, capacity, ip architecture and number of connections, etc. A usim stores userspecific data very similar to 3g sim card.