Cannabis breeding techniques advanced grow weed easy. Marker assisted selection or marker aided selection mas is an indirect selection process where a trait of interest is selected based on a marker morphological, biochemical or dnarna variation linked to. In particular, some methodological advances in plant and animal breeding seem to remain unknown. Backcrossing is when you take a plant or animal and cross it with one of its parents or possibly another closely related family member. The development of some methods dates back quite a longer time than others. Ppt plant breeding methods powerpoint presentation.
Click download or read online button to get principles and methods of plant breeding book now. Raising backcross fls and crossing resistant plants with recurrent parent is. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding and in production of gene knockout. Susceptible but high yielding resistant 50% 50% 75% 25 87. Cross pollinated means that an insect or wind normally carries pollen from one plant to another in order to fertilize it self pollinated means that the plant will pollinate and fertilize itself both types require that you crosstone plan with another in. Plant breeding further advanced when the methodology of hybridization was developed. The issue of plant breeding techniques and their compatibil ity with organic. This method along with diallel crossing and convergent crossingbelow is used often employed to combine additive traits into a single plant. Plant breeding by national open university of nigeria file type. The aim of this report is to present an overview of traditional plant breeding techniques, that. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 2 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing.
Molecular breeding market by process, marker, application and region 2023 the molecular breeding market is estimated at usd 1. The past, present and future of plant breeding vib. Ppt backcross breeding powerpoint presentation free to. Plant breeding is the art and science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. In this method, the parent used for backcrossing has a large number of. Plant breeding is the purposeful manipulation of plant species in order to create desired genotypes and phenotypes for specific purposes. Traditional and modern plant breeding methods with examples in rice oryza sativa l. Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. The idea is to create offspring which are genetically similar to the desired parent. Backcross definition of backcross by the free dictionary.
Backcross method for dominant and recessive gene transfer. Principles and utilization of combining ability in plant breeding. Plant breeding can be accomplished through many different techniques ranging from simply selecting plants with desirable characteristics for propagation, to more complex molecular techniques. Successful commercial plant breeding concerns were founded from the late 19th century. Tissue culture can be used to obtain virusfree material for further use. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding and in production of gene knockout organisms.
Selection theory for markerassisted backcrossing genetics. Engineering design and analysis of the ariescs power plant engineering design and analysis of the ariescs power plant powerpoint ppt presentation free to view. Article pdf available in indian journal of genetics and plant breeding 7901 january 2019 with 471 reads. In any hybridization program, recognition of the best combination of two or more parental genotypes to maximize variance within related breeding populations, and as a result the chance of recognizing superior transgressive segregants in the segregating populations, are the most critical challenge to plant breeders. Learn about the comparison between pedigree method and back cross method. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 2 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing will result in a variety homozygous at all loci, including newly transferred genes the new variety would have all the adaptability of the recurrent parent in addition to the good characteristics of the. Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent. Plant breeding david luckett and gerald halloran what is. Weaber department of animal science and industry kansas state university introduction the dramatic changes and volatility cowcalf production system input costs and calf values have many producers wondering about the value of heterosis in todays beef. Selection in backcross programmes is used to either improve the genetic value of plant and. Back cross method of breeding authorstream presentation.
Feb 06, 2017 an overview of pedigree method being employed in the plant breeding. Dec 18, 2019 backcrossing is a powerful technique to help breeders stabilize strains. Importance of plant breeding, cytological principles of plant breeding, heterosis, inbreeding and its consequences or applications, selfincompatibility in plants, cytoplasmic male sterility, breeding. Pedigree refers to record of the ancestry of an individual selected plant. It is tailored for the discovery and transfer of valuable qtl alleles from. Plant breeding can be accomplished through many different techniques ranging from simply selecting plants with desirable characteristics for propagation, to methods. Requirements of a back cross method a suitable recurrent parent lacking in 12 characters a suitable donor parent with high intensity of the character to be transferred character to be transferred should be monooligogenic with high heritability sufficient no. Back cross and test cross genetics biology by sayan. Multiple choice quiz on plant breeding this quiz is designed to assess your understanding about the plant breeding. If the trait of interest is produced by a dominant gene, this process involves four rounds of backcrossing within seven seasons. Librivox free audiobook juggernaut radio newbie for anchor please enjoy it ses ver fantasy challenge podcast christian labordes podcast broken spoke network pulp event podcast featured.
This dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the iowa state university capstones, theses. Diallel cross this is a complex crossing strategy in which each plant is crossed with many others as well as the reciprocal cross is made. If the trait of interest is produced by a dominant gene, this process involves four rounds of backcrossing. Plant breeding, physiology, genetics for exams like ibps afo agriculture field officer iffco, kribhco, nfl, nsc, icarjrfsrf ars. Advanced backcross qtl analysis is proposed as a method of combining qtl analysis with variety development. Pdf modified backcross breeding method for rapid conversion of. This manipulation involves either controlled pollination. Backcross breeding enables breeders to transfer a desired trait such as a transgene from one variety donor parent, dp into the favored genetic background of another recurrent parent, rp. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Estimate of genetic variance should be free from gxe genotype by environment interaction. Its aim was to combine various desirable properties of many plants in one plant, instead of just choosing between good and bad plants.
Principles and methods of plant breeding download ebook. The pedigree method involves visual selection among indi vidual plants in early. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Podcast for kids nfb radio 101 sermon podcast pauping off all steak no sizzle podcast church of the oranges daily chapel spring 2012 featured.
Plant breeding download book free computer books download. New concepts in plant breeding and genetics volume 7 issue 1 2017 venkata r prakash reddy assistant professor, department of genetics and plant breeding, acharya n g ranga agricultural university agricultural college, india correspondence. Learn about the comparison between pedigree method and backcross method. Engineering design and analysis of the ariescs power plant engineering design and analysis of the ariescs power plant powerpoint ppt presentation free. Back cross method and various modified methods backcross method in backcross method of breeding, the hybrid and the progenies in subsequent generations are repeatedly backcrossed to one of the parents. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Genetic linkage is a phenomenon in which genes tend to be inherited together. Principles of plant breeding icar ecourse pdf book agrimoon. Plant breeding dates to the very beginnings of agriculture, though scientific plant breeding began only in the early 20th century. Backcross refers to crossing of f1 with either of its parents. Multiple choice quiz on plant breeding biology multiple choice quizzes. Pdf selection in backcross programmes researchgate. As a result, the genotype of the backcross progeny becomes increasingly similar to that of the recurrent parent.
Backcross breeding essentially a method for improving an established variety that is deficient in only one or a few characteristics the backcross generations converge on a single genotype only breeding method in which the results are both predictable and repeatable. Venkata r prakash reddy, assistant professor, department of genetics and plant breeding, acharya. Free how to download pdf book full guide course outline. Nc state center for plant breeding and applied genomics. In plants, inbred backcross lines ibls refers to lines i. Bulk method the bulk method of breeding was first used by nilson ehle in 1908. The new variety may have higher yield, improved grain quality, increased disease resistance, or be less prone to lodging. This method, often supplemented by germplasm derived from induced mutation, has become the most common one. Dec 30, 2018 back cross and test cross, back cross method in plant breeding, back cross and test cross, back cross class 12, example of backcross in genetics, test cross and back cross, significance of test.
Plant breeding principles and methods by bd singh pdf download. In addition to conventional breeding methods, various aspects of the use of molecular markers for controlling the target genes, accelerating the recovery of recurrent genome or reducing linkage drag to improve the efficiency of introgression in backcross breeding. D singh download as pdf plant breeding principles and methods by b d singh hey guys,its been a long wait to get this very popular book in a digitized format pdf. Strategies for genetic transfer of an allele for resistance to. The new variety may have higher yield, improved grain quality, increased disease resistance. All crop breeding methods old and new are based on processes that occur in nature. Messmer and others published plant breeding techniques find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Traditional and modern plant breeding methods with examples. It takes the breeder at least two or three years to derive a backcross line that is the genetic equivalent of the elite line plus the event. While selection theory is the most important tool for the design of breeding programs. When the f1 is crossed with homozygous recessive parent. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 4 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing.
Plant breeding can be defined as an art, a science, and technology of improving the genetic make up of plants in relation to their economic use for the man kind. Principles of plant breeding icar ecourse pdf book. Plant breeding, application of genetic principles to produce plants that are more useful to humans. Learn more about the uses and methods of plant breeding. It has been used to improve the quality of nutrition in products for humans and animals. An illustration of a backcrossing scheme aiming to transfer a. This method is also known as mass method or the the population method. Multiple choice quiz on plant breeding biology multiple. Pdf backcrossing is a wellknown and long established breeding scheme. Ppt plant breeding methods powerpoint presentation free. Backcrossing has been used by plant breeders for decades to transfer specific character into elite. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
In addition to conventional breeding methods, various aspects of the use of. Principles of plant breeding lec 01 aims and objectives of plant breeding lec 02 modes of reproduction lec 03 apomixis classification and significance in plant breeding lec 04 modes of pollination lec 05 classification of. Selection in backcross programmes pubmed central pmc. Singh, 9788127220747, available at book depository with free delivery worldwide. The modified backcross method used is rapid, cost effective and can be used by maize breeder.
This method works by crossing the transgenic inbred line with an elite inbred line of choice. In backcross method of breeding, the hybrid and the progenies in subsequent. The modern method of plant breeding is carried out in the following steps. Plant breeding is an art and science, which tells us ways and means to change the genetic architecture of plants so as to attain a particular objective. Module five focuses on breeding methodologies for cross pollinated crops where you will learn mass selections, recurrent. The plant breeding methods have undergone multiple amendments since it was started from 9000 1 years ago. Backcross breeding method a recurrent parent, b nonrecurrent, donor parent step 1 cross a x b.
Plant breeding, physiology, genetics subjective quiz 1. The method is used generally to improve the yield and other characters of the variety. Essien and adesope 2003 while the back cross is a kind of line cross that seeks to increase the proportion of white fulani blood in preference to friesian f, the third. Choose the best answer from the four options given. Backcross method is the one whose main objective is to incorporate desired gene, either dominant or recessive, to the highly productive, commercially successful variety which lacks that specific gene. Backcross breeding essentially a method for improving an established variety that is deficient in only one or a few characteristics the backcross generations converge on a single genotype only breeding method. This seems to violate mendels postulate of independent assortment of genes and can make. Since 1900, mendels laws of genetics provided the scientific basis for plant breeding. Plant breeding, or crop genetic improvement, is the production of new, improved crop varieties for use by farmers.
Top 4 methods used in crosspollinated crops breeding. Overview and objectives advanced backcross breeding. In pedigree method individual plants are selected from f2 and their progenies are tested in subsequent generations. Dec 22, 2015 backcross method for dominant and recessive gene transfer. Back cross method and various modified methods backcross method in backcross method of breeding, the hybrid and the progenies in subsequent generations are repeatedly backcrossed to one. The backcross breeding method has been used by plant breeders for decades to incorporate specific traits into elite lines. As all traits of a plant are controlled by genes located on chromosomes, conventional plant breeding can be considered as the. C, which is compatible with both species, may bridge the crossing barrier. Plant breeding is defined as identifying and selecting desirable traits in plants and combining these into one individual plant. Markerassisted backcrossing is routinely applied in breeding programs for gene introgression. Free online biology multiple choice quizzes and practice tests for 5th grade, 7th grade quiz, igscse quiz, ap biology quiz, sat biology quiz, neet mcq, class 10 and 12 and all biology exams. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 4 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing will result in a variety homozygous at all loci, including newly transferred genes the new variety would have all the adaptability of the recurrent parent in addition to the good characteristics of the. The aim of this method to produce the new variety which is totally different from the parents bearing superior characters.